Ficha 02 · Grammar, speaking & writing
Exercício 1 · Choose the tense
Completa com o tempo verbal correto: 1. I ___ (replace, present perfect) the water pump. 2. The warning light ___ (come, past simple) on yesterday. 3. Your car ___ (be, future) ready by 5 p.m. 4. The engine ___ (overheat, present simple) in traffic.
Resposta:
- have replaced — resultado ligado ao presente.
- came — ação concluída no passado.
- will be — previsão futura.
- overheats — facto/rotina.
Exercício 2 · Countable or uncountable
Corrige os erros: "I need two informations and an advice about the oils."
Resposta:
"I need some information and some advice about the oil."
Information, advice e oil são incontáveis — não têm plural nem "a/an". Usa-se some / a piece of.
Exercício 3 · Passive voice for a report
Reescreve na passiva (estilo relatório): "I replaced the brake pads and I bled the system."
Resposta:
"The brake pads were replaced and the system was bled."
A passiva é comum em relatórios técnicos porque foca a ação, não o autor.
Exercício 4 · Connectors
Liga as ideias com because, so, however: "The car overheats ___ the thermostat is stuck. I replaced it, ___ now it runs fine. The radiator looked fine; ___ the coolant was low."
Resposta:
"The car overheats because the thermostat is stuck. I replaced it, so now it runs fine. The radiator looked fine; however, the coolant was low."
Exercício 5 · Service reception dialogue
Escreve uma resposta cortês do técnico a cada frase do cliente: 1. Cliente: "There's a strange noise when I brake." 2. Cliente: "How much will it cost?"
Resposta:
- "I see. When did it start — is it a squeal or a grinding noise? It's probably worn brake pads; let me check."
- "I'll prepare an estimate for you. It should be around 250 €, including parts and labour, but I'll confirm the exact figure."
Boa prática: clarificar antes de diagnosticar; dar um valor com ressalva.
Exercício 6 · Handle a complaint
O cliente diz: "You said it would be ready yesterday and it wasn't!" Responde em 3 passos (apologise → understand → solution).
Resposta:
"I'm very sorry for the delay (apologise). We were waiting for a part that arrived late (understand/explain). It's ready now, and I've applied a 10% discount for the inconvenience (solution)."
Exercício 7 · Write an estimate
Escreve um orçamento simples para: substituir a bateria (peça 90 €, mão de obra 30 min = 22,50 €), IVA 23%. Inclui total.
Resposta:
ESTIMATE — Replace battery
Vehicle: (make/model) · Reg.: ...
Work: Replace and test the battery
Parts: 90.00 €
Labour (0.5h): 22.50 €
Subtotal: 112.50 €
VAT (23%): 25.88 €
TOTAL: 138.38 €
Essencial: descrição do trabalho, peças, mão de obra, IVA e total.
Exercício 8 · Write an email
Escreve um email curto ao cliente a avisar que o carro está pronto (trabalho: mudança de óleo e filtro; total 75 €). Usa abertura e fecho formais.
Resposta:
Subject: Your car is ready for collection
Dear Ms. Jones,
Your vehicle is ready. We have changed the engine oil and the
oil filter. The total is 75 € (VAT included).
We are open until 6 p.m. Please bring the service book.
Kind regards,
AutoTech Service
Abertura Dear…, factos claros, valor, call-to-action e fecho Kind regards.